مطالعات راهبردی سیاستگذاری عمومی

مطالعات راهبردی سیاستگذاری عمومی

گذار از بحران خاموش به حکمرانی یکپارچه سالمندی در ایران

نوع مقاله : گزارش سیاستی

نویسنده
استادیار، پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات اجتماعی، جهاددانشگاهی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
ایران در آستانه سریع‌ترین گذارهای جمعیتی جهان قرار دارد؛ روندی که تا دو دهه آینده، بیش از یک‌چهارم جمعیت کشور را وارد سنین بالای ۶۰ سال می‌کند. این تحول در شرایطی رخ می‌دهد که ساختار نهادی و مالی کشور با نیازهای یک جامعه سالمند سازگار نشده است. مرور انتقادی سیاست‌های سالمندی در سه سطح کلان، بخشی و اجرایی نشان می‌دهد علی‌رغم وجود بنیان‌های حقوقی و اسنادی، شکاف میان ارزش‌های اعلام‌شده و اجرای واقعی عمیق است. نظام سیاست‌گذاری سالمندی در وضعیتی از پراکندگی نهادی، شکنندگی مالی و ناپایداری اجرایی قرار دارد و با سه ضعف ساختاری عمده فقدان انسجام تصمیم‌گیری، بحران صندوق‌های بازنشستگی و نبود نظام داده و پایش هوشمند مواجه است. در تحلیل تطبیقی با چارچوب بین‌المللی مادرید، ایران در حوزه سلامت عملکرد نسبی دارد، اما در سه عرصه کلیدی مشارکت اجتماعی، محیط‌های توانمندساز و عدالت بین‌نسلی عقب‌مانده است. برای عبور از این وضعیت، مطالعه حاضر شش ستون راهبردی را برای بازآرایی نظام سیاست‌گذاری سالمندی پیشنهاد می‌کند: ۱) بازطراحی حکمرانی ملی سالمندی، ۲) تأمین مالی پایدار، ۳) توسعه زنجیره خدمات جامعه‌محور، ۴) ارتقای مشارکت و اشتغال سالمندان، ۵) طراحی محیط و شهر دوستدار سالمند، و ۶) ایجاد نظام داده و حکمرانی هوشمند. اجرای این مسیر می‌تواند سیاست‌گذاری سالمندی ایران را از رویکردهای جزیره‌ای و واکنشی به سوی حکمرانی یکپارچه، یادگیرنده و پایدار سوق دهد. در این چارچوب، عدالت اجتماعی و نسلی باید از یک اصل اخلاقی به منطق طراحی الگوریتمی و داده‌محور سیاست‌گذاری تبدیل شود؛ به گونه‌ای که فناوری و هوش مصنوعی در خدمت کرامت و زیست انسانی قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

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